1.
In Benjamin Jowett’s translation of “The Apology of Socrates,” Socrates is accused of 1) disbelieving the “gods” of Athens, and 2) introducing new “divinities”.
What is easily lost on the reader of the translation is that the words “gods” and “divinities” signify different types of entities, as is seen in the original Greek. Going to the Greek, and switching from the plural to the singular, the word for “god” is θεός (transliterated “theos”), and the word that is here translated by “divinity” is δαιμόνιον (transliterated “daimonion”).
So two types of entities are involved in the accusation: the gods of Athens, and the daimonions of Socrates.
2.